Fear memories can form in the brain following exposure to threatening situations such as natural disasters, accidents, or violence. When these memories become excessive or distorted, they can lead to ...

Because unpleasant withdrawal symptoms fuel nicotine addiction’s high relapse rate, targeting their underlying mechanisms with treatments may promote continued abstinence from the drug. In a new ...

When engineers build AI language models like GPT-5 from training data, at least two major processing features emerge: memorization (reciting exact text they’ve seen before, like famous quotes or ...

Scientists from China have identified the existence of human-like speech pathways in the brains of marmoset monkeys, ...

As humans and other animals experience new things, their brains continuously update their memory of past events. These updates allow them to adapt to changing environments, all while preserving older ...

Neural circuits associated with three cortical regions in cognitive generalization with different manifestations from different species. (A) Emotionrelated brain regions mainly project to PFC and OFC; ...

Stanford Medicine investigators have replicated, in a lab dish, one of the most prominent human nervous pathways for sensing pain. This nerve circuit transmits sensations from the body’s skin to the ...

Scientists reveal how creatine could do more than build muscle, fueling brain resilience, enhancing mood, and supporting cognitive performance through exercise-driven biochemical pathways. Study: ...