On Oct. 3, 1950, three scientists at Bell Labs in New Jersey received a U.S. patent for what would become one of the most important inventions of the 20th century — the transistor. John Bardeen, ...

In 1782, Alessandro Volta was the first to use the term "semiconducting" to describe the electrical properties of certain materials. In 1833, Michael Faraday observed that the resistance of silver ...

the scaling of silicon-based metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (Si MOSFETs) and evolution of novel structure transistors in accordance with Moore’s Law, especially for modern ...